Back to Search
Start Over
Nkx2-1 and FoxE regionalize glandular (mucus-producing) and thyroid-equivalent traits in the endostyle of the chordate Oikopleura dioica.
- Source :
-
Developmental Biology . Sep2021, Vol. 477, p219-231. 13p. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The endostyle is a ventral pharyngeal organ used for internal filter feeding of basal chordates and is considered homologous to the follicular thyroid of vertebrates. It contains mucus-producing (glandular) and thyroid-equivalent regions organized along the dorsoventral (DV) axis. Although thyroid-related genes (Nkx2-1 , FoxE , and thyroid peroxidase (TPO)) are known to be expressed in the endostyle, their roles in establishing regionalization within the organ have not been demonstrated. We report that Nkx2-1 and FoxE are essential for establishing DV axial identity in the endostyle of Oikopleura dioica. Genome and expression analyses showed von Willebrand factor-like (vWFL) and TPO/dual oxidase (Duox)/Nkx2-1/FoxE as orthologs of glandular and thyroid-related genes, respectively. Knockdown experiments showed that Nkx2-1 is necessary for the expression of glandular and thyroid-related genes, whereas FoxE is necessary only for thyroid-related genes. Moreover, Nkx2-1 expression is necessary for FoxE expression in larvae during organogenesis. The results demonstrate the essential roles of Nkx2-1 and FoxE in establishing regionalization in the endostyle, including (1) the Nkx2-1-dependent glandular region, and (2) the Nkx2-1/FoxE-dependent thyroid-equivalent region. DV axial regionalization may be responsible for organizing glandular and thyroid-equivalent traits of the pharynx along the DV axis. [Display omitted] • Nkx2-1 and FoxE establish regional identity of the endostyle in chordates. •These TFs establish glandular and thyroid-related traits of the larvacean O. dioica. • vWFL and TPO/Duox marks differentiations of glandular and thyroid-equivalent regions. •This is the first study to demonstrate functions of Nkx2-1/FoxE in organizing the endostyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *IODIDE peroxidase
*CHORDATA
*MORPHOGENESIS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00121606
- Volume :
- 477
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Developmental Biology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 151307486
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.05.021