The impact of training sessions on physical security awareness: Measuring employees' knowledge, attitude and self-reported behaviour.

• The KAB-model is empirically evaluated regarding security awareness among employees. • Employees with more security knowledge also have better attitudes towards security. • Employees with more security knowledge and better attitudes indicate to behave in a more secure way. • Awareness trainings have a strong impact on participants' security knowledge and attitudes. • More interactive trainings are needed to influence participants' secure behaviour. Today, the need to deal with workplace security threats has become an important matter for many organisations. While companies have invested in technological and organization measures, the human processes behind these techniques are often ignored. However, employees' awareness of security procedures and policy of the organisation may strengthen or weaken the implemented security measures. This article assessed in an empirical way employees' security awareness and has a twofold aim. First, a study was conducted to examine the associations between three dimensions of employees' security awareness. By the use of a survey (n = 1,443; mean age = 42.5; 60.4% female, 30.4% male), the relationship between employees' knowledge about security procedures and policy, the attitudes towards security and the self-reported security behaviour is measured. Second, a case study was carried out to examine the impact of training sessions on employee's level of security awareness. By organizing an awareness training, its effect on employees' knowledge, attitude and behaviour was measured (n = 74; mean age = 51.7; 70.3% female, 29.7% male). While the first study found a significant relationship between employees' knowledge and attitude and their self-reported behaviour, the second study showed that the training session had a positive effect on employees' level of security awareness. Based on the findings from both studies, recommendations for practice and future research are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]