DOES THREE MONTHS OF DETRAINING PROMOTE DIFFERENT CHANGES IN OLDER ADULTS WITH OR WITHOUT HYPERTENSION AND HIGH CHOLESTEROL?

Cardiovascular deceases are the leading cause of death worldwide in older adults and exercise is one method that can bring benefits against their risk factors, such hypertension and high cholesterol. Exercise can be applied in older adults through different methods, like multicomponent training and can promote lifestyle changes. PURPOSE: Can multicomponent training (MT) and detraining (DT) promote different effects in blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TCHOL) and cardiorespiratory capacity of older women with or without hypertension and high cholesterol (HT and HCHOL)? METHODS: Sixteen older women without HT and HCHOL (CG: n = 16, 65.4 ± 1.8 years), and fifteen older women with HT and HCHOL (EG: n = 15, 67.7 ± 4.2 years) followed a six-month multicomponent exercise program before a three-month detraining period. Cardiorespiratory capacity was assessed through 6-min walk test (6MWT), Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure through a Omron Digital Blood Pressure Monitor HEM-907, and total cholesterol (TCHOL) blood sample were assessed in accordance with the procedures of Diabetes Atlas Committee. All assessments were conducted before and after the exercise program and after three months of detraining. RESULTS: MT resulted in declines in SBP (EG: -4.00%, p < 0.01; CG: -2.38%, p < 0.01), DBP (EG: -7.07%, p < 0.01; CG: -7.73%, p < 0.01), TCHOL (EG: -13,29%, p < 0.01; CG: -5.26%, p < 0.01) and improvements in 6MWT (EG: 7.49%, p < 0.01; CG: 4.49%, p < 0.01). DT led to negative effects in SBP (EG: 2.69%, p < 0.01; CG: 3.04%, p < 0.01), DBP (EG: 7,54%, p < 0.01; CG: 7.46%, p < 0.01), TCHOL (EG: 6,26%, p < 0.01; CG: -3.16%, p < 0.01) and 6MWT (EG: -8.70%, p < 0.01; CG: -3.19%, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Besides the benefits of MT the DT period was enough to reverse the benefits of exercise in BP, TCHOL and cardiorespiratory fitness of booth groups. MT in older adults with hypertension and HCHOL group promoted greater improvements in HCHOL and cardiorespiratory fitness than in the CG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]