Hiperparatiroidismo primario debido a una glándula paratiroidea gigante.

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism is diagnosed by hypercalcemia and elevated parathyroid hormone levels. The cause of this is mainly by a parathyroid adenoma in 80% of cases. The differential diagnosis includes familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Many cases are asymptomatic while others have bone, kidney, cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric and gastrointestinal disease. CLINICAL CASE: A 55-year-old female patient who began her condition approximately 20 years ago with the presence of recurrent urinary tract infections. She was diagnosed with bilateral renoureteral lithiasis that merited extracorporeal ureterolithotripsy with placement of a bilateral JJ catheter in 2018, with no other associated symptoms, hypercalcemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism was suspected. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is established with blood and urinary biochemical tests. Imaging studies help mainly to assess bone and kidney complications and surgical planning. Preoperative biopsy is not recommended. The only curative treatment is parathyroidectomy. Surgical advances provide minimally invasive approaches. Medical treatment is not curative, but it is an alternative to surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]