3D surface-related multiples elimination based on improved apex-shifted Radon transform.

Considering the 3D propagation characteristics of seismic waves, theoretically, 3D surface-related multiples elimination (3D SRME) can suppress multiples with high accuracy. However, 3D SRME has strict requirements for acquisition geometry, which makes it difficult to be implemented in practice. In the process of 3D SRME, the multiple contribution gather (MCG) is a collection of wavefields with different propagation paths. The accuracy of the multiple propagation paths in the MCGs can be directly characterized by the inclination of the wavefields, which can achieve the weighted superposition of the wavefields. The direct summation of the sparse MCGs in the crossline direction produces serious spatial aliasing, which can easily cause the contamination of primaries. Based on the kinematic characteristics of multiple propagation, MCGs can be considered as a set of hyperbolas with temporal and spatial characteristics. Then, the direct summation of the sparse MCGs can be transformed into a process of superposition along the hyperbolic integration paths. However, as the stable phase points of the events, the apexes of the hyperbola have different spatial distributions in complex geological structures. Such hyperbolic stacking paths are difficult to be controlled by conventional Radon transform or constrained inversion. In this paper, we modify the apex-shifted hyperbolic Radon transform (ASHRT) to implement the summation of crossline MCGs with variable stable phase points along the hyperbolic integration paths. Improved ASHRT uses local similarity to locate the position of stable phase points, which can improve the stability of the algorithm and the efficiency of the computation. The proposed method is demonstrated on a 3D synthetic data set, as well as on a 3D marine data set, effectively avoiding the spatial aliasing caused by sparse crossline MCGs and improving the accuracy of multiple suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]