High energy storage density and temperature-stable dielectric properties for (1-x)Bi0.38Na0.38Sr0.24TiO3-xBaSnO3 lead-free relaxor ceramics.

Relaxor ferroelectrics are promising candidates for energy storage equipment due to their excellent energy-storage properties. Lead-free (1- x)Bi 0.38 Na 0.38 Sr 0.24 TiO 3 - x BaSnO 3 (abbreviated as BNST-100 x BS) relaxor ceramics were synthesized by a traditional solid-phase sintering method. The influences of the addition of BaSnO 3 dopants for the energy storage and dielectric temperature-stable properties of BNST-100 x BS ceramics were systemically investigated. All samples exhibited a typical pseudo-cubic symmetry structure and obtained the dense microstructure. The ergodic relaxor behavior of all ceramics was observed and revealed a trend of increase as a function of composition. All samples showed a single grain conduction mechanism and the activation energy decreased with the addition of composition. It is related to the generation of oxygen vacancies induced by the defect dipoles. BNST-2.5BS ceramic exhibited an outstanding recoverable energy density of ~1.42 J/cm3 with the corresponding efficiency of ~79.7% at 115 kV/cm field. In addition, excellent temperature-stable permittivity (43–255 °C) was obtained for BNST-7.5BS ceramic. Hence, BNST-2.5BS ceramic revealed excellent energy density properties and BNST-7.5BS exhibited outstanding temperature-stable dielectric permittivity, which was beneficial to use in energy storage equipment and other device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]