Merging and splitting dynamics between two bright solitons in dipolar Boseâ€"Einstein condensates Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11875220 and 12047502).

We numerically study the interaction dynamics of two bright solitons with zero initial velocities in the one-dimensional dipolar Boseâ€"Einstein condensates. Under different dipolar strengths, the two bright solitons can merge into a breathing wave, and then split or propagate constantly after several oscillating periods. We quantitatively study the breathing frequency of wave after merging and the asymmetry property of solitons after splitting,and analyze their formation mechanism by the system’s energy evolution. Also, the change of initial phase difference brings distinct effects on the soliton interaction. Our results provide insight into the new dynamical phenomena in dipolar systems and enrich the understanding for interaction between dipolar solitons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]