Observer-based dynamic event-triggered [formula omitted] LFC for power systems under actuator saturation and deception attack.

• A unified dynamic driven and observer-based security LFC framework is established for power systems in which the time delays and actuator saturation are considered simultaneously. While, in many existing studies [24,35], only partly conditions were considered. Different from [25,36], the actuator saturation is also considered in this paper. • A novel DETM is proposed by introducing the internal variable η (t) (t) and additional exponential term to reduce the pressure of data transmission. Compared with [17,23,41], we introduce an additional exponential term to further improve the communication bandwidth utilization.Moreover, the Zeno behavior is avoided naturally. • The observer-based resilient control strategy and stochastic Lyapunov stability theory are developed such that the LFC systems are mean-square exponential stable. Finally, the simulations are given to prove the usefulness of the proposed method. This paper focuses on the observer-based H ∞ load frequency control (LFC) of multi-area power systems with actuator saturation and deception attack. Firstly, a state observer is constructed to estimate the unmeasurable states and a time-delay model with the area control error is established. Secondly, a dynamic event triggering mechanism is developed, where dynamic parameter and a novel error-related exponential term are introduced to reduce the communication burden further in the network. Thirdly, considering time delays, data-packet losses and stochastic deception attack, a resilient LFC controller of power systems based on actuator saturation is designed and the security of the system is guaranteed with the condition of H ∞ mean-square exponential stability. Sufficient conditions to co-design the event-triggered scheme, observer and desired controller gain are derived by Lyapunov functional analysis approach. Finally, simulation example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the developed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]