Temporal optical rogue waves in high power short-cavity Yb-doped random fiber laser.

• The stochastic pulses and temporal optical rogue waves (RWs) behavior are observed and investigated in the high power short-cavity Yb-doped random fiber laser (YDRFL) for the first time. • The record output power without the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is promoted to 26.6 W in the YDRFL with the Ge-doped fiber (GDF) length of 120 m. • The experimental results manifest that the proportion of RWs depends on the GDF length and can also affect the stability of output lasing and the M2 factor distribution. • The experimental phenomenons display that the multiple high order SRS stokes lights and the visible light radiations are generated in the YDRFL with shorter GDF length. • The research results reveal that achieving the relative stable output power requires the greater pump power for the shorter GDF length. A high power short-cavity random fiber laser employing the gain mechanism of the Yb-doped fiber and the half-open cavity structure and the temporal optical rogue waves (RWs) behavior are observed and investigated in the paper. The record output power without the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is promoted to 26.6 W in the Yb-doped random fiber lasers (YDRFL) with the Ge-doped fiber (GDF) length of 120 m. The stochastic pulses and temporal optical RWs are observed and demonstrated in the short cavity YDRFL for the first time. It is found that the proportion of RWs depends on the GDF length and can also affect the stability of output lasing and the M2 factor distribution. The M2 factor distribution demonstrated a special longitudinal mode instability phenomenon. The experimental phenomenons display that the multiple high order SRS stokes lights and the visible light radiations are generated by the soliton self-frequency shift and Cherenkov radiation in the YDRFL with shorter GDF length. The research results reveal that achieving the relative stable output power requires the greater pump power for the shorter GDF length, although decreasing the GDF length will promote the maximum output power of the YDRFL without the SRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]