Simultaneous editing of host factor gene TaPDIL5‐1 homoeoalleles confers wheat yellow mosaic virus resistance in hexaploid wheat.

Keywords: barley; genome editing; host factor; recessive resistance; soil-borne viruses; virus resistance; wheat EN barley genome editing host factor recessive resistance soil-borne viruses virus resistance wheat 340 344 5 03/22/22 20220415 NES 220415 Acknowledgements We would like to thank the Federal I Ex situ i Gene Bank (IPK Gatersleben) for providing the seeds of wild relatives, Dr Xingguo Ye and Dr Ke Wang (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences) for assistance on wheat transformation, Zhentian He and Shiqiang Chen (Agricultural Sciences Institute in Jiangsu Lixiahe Area) for help on field trials of wheat relatives, and Simon G. Krattinger (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) for critical comments. Simultaneous editing of host factor gene TaPDIL5-1 homoeoalleles confers wheat yellow mosaic virus resistance in hexaploid wheat Furthermore, this study demonstrates a strategy to recover recessive resistance genes against viruses in an allopolyploid species by identifying the susceptibility genes in its diploid progenitors (e.g. I T. urartu i , I A. speltoides i , and I A. tauschii i ) or relatives (e.g. I Triticum monococcum i and I H. vulgare i ), followed by manipulation of their homoeologues in transformable varieties via genome editing. More than 90% of genes in the wheat genome generally have two or three homoeologues with an average of 97.2% identity in their coding sequences (International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium, 2018), showing high levels of functional redundancy (i.e. wheat powdery mildew resistance gene I MLO i ) (Wang I et al i ., 2014). [Extracted from the article]