Clinico-pathological Profile and Immediate Hospital Outcome of Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a significant cause of acute abdominal pain, morbidity and hospitalization. Knowing the details of the clinico-pathological presentation and outcome of the disease may aid the better understanding of the disease. Objective: The study was designed to assess the clinico-pathological profile and to estimate immediate hospital outcome of acute pancreatitis patients admitted into a tertiary care hospital. Materials and methods: This hospital based cross-sectional type of observational study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), for one-year period (June 2018-May 2019). Total 106 established cases of acute pancreatitis were included in this study. Data was analyzed by the SPSS 22 Windows version and graph & chart were expressed by using SPSS 22 and MS Excel. The result was presented with tables and charts. Results: Among 106 patients, mean age of the patients was 42.5 ±11.3 SD (years), with male predominance (male: female-1.2:1). All of the patients complained abdominal pain (100%) while anorexia (48.1%), 43.4% had vomiting and 31.1% had fever. Regarding clinical signs, abdominal distension (45.3%), paralytic ileus (34.9%) and dehydration (43.4%) were found to be the major clinical signs. The common location of pain was in epigastric region (73.6%) with radiation to back in 20.8% patients. Pain was severe agonizing in nature in 76.4% cases. Of all, gall stone disease (17.0%) was the most prevalent cause. According to APACHE-II score, 74.5% patients had mild pancreatitis (APACHE-II <8) while according to Glasgow criteria, 66.0% had mild disease (Glasgow score <3). Mean APACHE-II score was 7.07±2.50 and Glasgow score was 2.90±2.33. Mean hospital stays were 8.9±3.6 days and NPO (nothing per oral) 4.9±1.9 days. Among the patients, 77.4% patients were alive and mortality rate was 22.6%. Conclusion: Although, a larger portion of the patients had no identifiable cause but gall stone was the most common etiology. Pain commonly located in epigastric region with radiation to back. Of all the cases, more than sixty percent of the patients had mild pancreatitis estimated by APACHE II score and Glasgow score. Mean hospital stays were about 9 days and nothing per oral was about 5 days. Overall mortality rate was 22.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]