Research progress of Bub3 gene in malignant tumors.

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a highly conserved monitoring system that ensures a fidelity of chromosome segregation during mitosis. Bub3, a mitotic Checkpoint Protein, is a member of the Bub protein family, and an important factor in the SAC. Abnormal expression of Bub3 results in mitotic defects, defective spindle gate function, chromosomal instability and the development of aneuploidy cells. Aneuploidy is a state of abnormal karyotype that has long been considered as a marker of tumorigenesis. Karyotypic heterogeneity in tumor cells, known as "chromosomal instability" (CIN), can be used to distinguish cancerous cells from their normal tissue counterpart. In this review, we summarize the expression and clinical significance of Bub3 in a variety of tumors and suggest that it has potential in the treatment of cancer. HIGHLIGHT: The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is an evolutionarily highly conserved mitotic monitoring system that ensures a high fidelity of chromosomes during mitosis. Bub3 Mitotic Checkpoint Protein is a member of the Bub family and is an important component of the SAC. Abnormal expression of Bub3 results in defective spindle gate function, chromosomal instability and the development of aneuploidy cells. Aneuploidy, which represents a "state" of abnormal karyotype, has long been recognized as a hallmark of tumorigenesis (Bakhoum et al., 2017). Karyotypic heterogeneity in tumor cells draws its origin from "chromosomal instability" (otherwise known as CIN), a hallmark that distinguishes most cancers from its normal tissue counterpart (Lengauer et al., 1998; Bakhoum et al., 2017). In the process of cell mitosis, it is inevitable to be damaged by various physical, chemical, biological and other external factors. Various kinds of damage detection and repair gene regulation are critical to avoid abnormal cell division (Chao W. C. et al., 2012). Bub3 protein is an important component of the SAC during cell mitosis, which can maintain accurate chromosomal segregation and prevent the formation of aneuploidy during mitosis. Abnormal expression of Bub3 in a variety of malignancies suggests that Bub3 plays an important role in the genesis, progression, and metastasis of malignancies. This article will discuss the research progress of Bub3 in malignant tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]