Social and ethical factors in anaphylaxis.

CONCLUSION Multiple problems exist in the management of patients with anaphylaxis: Some are medical with a paucity of trained allergists in most European countries. Anaphylaxis has gained worldwide attention following allergic reactions to COVID vaccines.1 Guidelines have been renewed.2 The use of the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11), containing the first ever chapter about hypersensitivity conditions has probably increased the reported number of anaphylaxis-related deaths.3 Public and medical awareness of anaphylaxis and its early recognition should improve prevention and outcomes.2 As members of the former Ethics Committee of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), we aimed to discuss anaphylaxis through basic principles of medical ethics such as I beneficence i , I non-maleficence i , I autonomy i and I justice i 4,5 (Figure 1). Isolated skin involvement with urticaria or angioedema may be misdiagnosed as a food-related anaphylaxis, instigating serious consequences as patients would have to live with unnecessary permanent vigilance and anxiety. [Extracted from the article]