急性脑梗死患者伴吞咽障碍的临床特征 及发生卒中相关性肺炎的影响因素分析.

To analyze the clinical characteristics of acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia and the influencing factors of stroke associated pneumonia (SAP). Methods: 190 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were selected as the research objects. According to the score of Watian drinking water test, they were divided into good swallowing group (98 cases) and dysphagia group (92 cases). The clinical data of the two groups were compared, the clinical characteristics of patients with acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia were explored. The incidence of SAP in 92 patients with dysphagia group onset period was counted, and the patients were divided into SAP group and non SAP group. The basic data and clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed, and the risk factors of SAP in patients with acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia were discussed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results: There were no significant differences in gender, body mass index(BMI), smoking history, drinking history and basic disease history between dysphagia group and good swallowing group(P>0.05), but the age, National Institutes of health neurological deficit score (NIHSS), infarct size, brain stem ratio of infarct site in dysphagia group were higher than those in good swallowing group(P<0.05). SAP occurred in 34 of 92 patients with acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia, with an incidence of 36.96%. Univariate analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the gender, BMI, drinking history, history of hypertension and history of hyperlipidemia between SAP group and non-SAP group (P>0.05), while the age, NIHSS score, smoking history ratio and diabetes history proportion in SAP group were higher than those in non-SAP group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, high NIHSS score, smoking history and diabetes history were independent risk factors for acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia complicated with SAP (P<0.05, OR > 1). Conclusion: In elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction, severe neurological deficits, large infarct size and brainstem infarction patients are prone to swallowing dysfunction, and some patients will develop SAP. Older age, high NIHSS score, smoking history and diabetes history are the influencing factors of SAP in-duction, which deserve clinical attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]