Out of place: everyday forms of marginalization, racism, and resistance among Chinese migrants in Italy.

This paper develops theories of place in relation to migration to argue that the diasporic population of Chinese migrants in Prato, Italy, live not only 'out of place' due in no small part to marginalisation and racism, but also live 'in place' as they resist and make meaning from experiences and interactions with particular places. We argue that place-based dynamics occurring in urban spaces such as Prato can best be understood in the context of a globalised fashion industry and the hegemony of global supply chains. We develop and extend the meanings of 'out of place' to show that migrants are doubly marginalised. We suggest that their conceptions of place reveal unexpected ways in which they live at the margins of society and not only experience racism but resist it. This paper integrates three different types of ethnographic data: (1) unstructured, in the form of ethnographic noticing; (2) structured, in the form of free listing; and (3) semi-structured in the form of interviewing. Combining these methods strengthens our argument for the importance of place-based experiential knowledge. We offer a critical lens on a globalising Europe and expose particular modes of marginalisation, racism, and resistance. We end with possible applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]