植物根压研究进展.

Root pressure is a positive hydraulic pressure that generated by plant roots. As a common physiological phenomenon in many plants, root pressure can drive the sap flow from roots to canopy leaves, which alleviates plant water deficits caused by strong transpiration during the day. It also plays an important role in xylem embolism refilling. At present, there are many explanations for the generation of root pressure. The generally accepted views include the osmotic theory, the metabolic theory, and the uphill water co-transport hypothesis, but the mechanism of root pressure is still the focus of controversy among the plant scientists. There are direct and indirect methods for measuring root pressure, but the more advanced techniques of measuring root pressure still need to be improved. Under the influence of many factors such as aquaporin, genetic factors and habitats, there are differences in the magnitude of root pressure, and moderate root pressure has important significance for crops growth. Therefore, it is of great biological significance to deepen our understanding of root pressure. Here we discussed root pressure from the following perspectives: the definition and mechanism of root pressure generation; plant groups with root pressure; the methods for measuring root pressure; the main factors about influencing root pressure; the significance and implications of root pressure in various fields of plant science studies. Lastly, based on current research topics and some new results on root pressure, we discussed future perspectives on root pressure of plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]