Hysteresis modulation‐based sliding mode load frequency controller for multi‐area power system.

Recently the raise in interconnection of the power system leads to vigorous change of power flow, as well as load in tie‐line. Hence, there is a need of robust control in both tie‐line power flows and systems frequency. This research work aims to design a dual‐mode switch controller‐based load frequency control in multi‐area interconnected power system (MAIPS). In this, the incremental control action's influence is taken along with the constraints of the system dynamic such as Governor with Dead Band, Capacitive Energy Storage, and Generation Rate Constraint. This work on the proposed controller of the multisource‐MAIPS (MS‐MAIPS) is operated on the basis of dual mode switching function. For this purpose, a threshold value ξ$$ \xi $$ is evolved. The control on MPC and optimized hysteresis modulation based sliding mode control (HMSMC) is varied according to this switching function. For attaining the fascinating performance, the optimal tuning of switch threshold ξ$$ \xi $$ and the gain of HMSMC controller K$$ K $$ is exploited by a new Self‐Adaptive Sea Lion algorithm. To the end, variation of control parameters like Tr$$ {T}^r $$,Trb$$ {T}^{rb} $$, Cg$$ {C}^g $$, as well as TCD$$ {T}^{CD} $$ for reducing unwanted variances in power flows among control areas is used to verify the effectiveness of the implemented scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]