DICER1-Associated Anaplastic Sarcoma of the Kidney With Coexisting Activating PDGFRA D842V Mutations and Response to Targeted Kinase Inhibitors in One Patient.

DICER1 syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant familial tumor predisposition disorder characterized by a heterozygous loss-of-function I DICER1 i germline mutation occurring in conjunction with a somatic missense hotspot mutation on the second allele. However, sporadic DICER1-associated neoplasms with biallelic I DICER1 i alterations have been identified in the absence of germline alterations.[1] Although the most common tumor association is the pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), I DICER1 i mutations have been increasingly associated with sarcomas, particularly embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in the Mullerian or genitourinary tract.[2] In the kidney, I DICER1 i -related anaplastic sarcoma has been described in association with pediatric cystic nephroma, likely following a similar paradigm of tumor progression from type I PPB to clinically aggressive type II/III solid components. In this study, we are reporting two young adult patients with anaplastic sarcomas of the kidney (ASK) with coexisting biallelic somatic I DICER1 i mutations and activating I PDGFRA i D842V mutation. [Extracted from the article]