Solid particle deposition of indoor material combustion products.

Heavy smoke emission during fires hampers evacuation of people and movement of rescue teams to a fire source. It is often pyrolysis and combustion products that cause deaths from fires in closed spaces. Fire sprinkler system activation does not always lead to efficient smoke deposition. Sometimes, a fire suppression liquid supply, on the contrary, deteriorates fire evacuation conditions. The study of smoke generation and deposition characteristics is an essential prerequisite for improving rescue technologies during fires. The purpose of this research was to define the characteristics of deposition of solid combustion product particles of a group of typical construction and finishing materials in closed spaces: wood, linoleum, rubber, etc. Solid particles (pyrolysis products) have been distributed by size and concentration. The smoke generation and extinction coefficients, as well as deposition rates of smoke aerosol particles with and without using water aerosol have been determined. The ranges of optical properties of smoke aerosol have been specified. The time of dispersed water impact on smoke aerosol was varied to evaluate its effect on the mass rate of deposition of solid combustion product particles. The characteristics of absorption of laser radiation with different wavelengths in flue gases have been defined to identify the most advantageous colors of reflector materials used to manufacture direction signs for the evacuation of people from the combustion zone. [Display omitted] • The proportion of soot particles in a gas is 2–20% of the mass of the material. • Smoke generation coefficient for materials varies in the range of 9.6–420 Np∙m2/kg. • Extinction coefficient for indoor materials is 113–4698 m2/kg. • Deposition conditions for solid particles with a size of 0.5–5 µm were defined. • Smoke deposition is most effective for aerosols with droplets size of 10–120 µm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]