Procedimiento para la simulación de las cargas de viento extremo en las cubiertas ligeras metálicas.

The substantial increase in extreme weather events in recent decades, especially hurricanes and tropical cyclones, constitutes a threat to the Caribbean region. The impact of these phenomena on houses and buildings with light roofs has increased considerably in recent years. The objective of this research is to describe a procedure that allows the numerical simulation of light metal roofs in the aspect of static and dynamic loads typical of extreme winds, in order to obtain criteria about the limit stresses and deformations to which they are subjected, which facilitate the decision-making process. Systems analysis and synthesis methods were used, as well as finite element modeling and simulation. The dynamic analysis of the wind loads made it possible to simulate the real behavior of the light roofs. It was shown that the highest stress values are concentrated in the area near the holes in the roof, constituting the weakest point where the failure of the metallic light roof begins. The results show that the proposed procedure facilitates decision making in the search for constructive solutions that minimize these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]