Association of inflammatory bowel disease with suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with psychiatric comorbidities. However, the association between IBD and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts has not been well established. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the relationship between IBD and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide. We systematically searched five electronic databases – PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO – from their inception to January 28, 2022. Quality assessment, data synthesis, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessment were performed on the included studies. We identified 28 studies with 1,047,755 patients with IBD. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation in patients with IBD was 17.3% (95% CI, 9.5%–25.2%). Patients with IBD were associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts (relative risk [RR], 1.39; 95% CI, 1.08–1.79) and suicide deaths (RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09–1.43) than the controls without IBD. Patients with Crohn's disease subtypes, female IBD, pediatric-onset IBD, young adult IBD, and short-duration IBD had a particularly high risk for suicide. Patients with IBD had a high prevalence of suicidal ideation and a significantly higher likelihood of suicide attempts and suicide. Caring for patients with IBD, including their mental health needs, may require concerted efforts among gastroenterologists and other healthcare providers. • Systematic review and meta-analysis of IBD and suicide ideation, attempt, and death • The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation in patients with IBD was 17.3%. • Patients with IBD were associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt and death. • CD and female IBD were particularly at risk of suicide. • Children, young adults, and short-duration IBD were at higher risk of suicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]