Recent trends in non-noble metal-catalyzed hydroxylation reactions.

• Hydroxylation reaction is an important organic transformation which produces value-added products. In biological systems, hydroxylation reactions of organic molecules are usually carried out by enzymes. There are catalytic and non-catalytic techniques used for introducing the OH group into an organic molecule. In the catalytic approach, transition-metal-catalyzed hydroxylation is an important strategy which has attracted a lot of attention. The production of phenol and other pharmacologically active compounds is now easily possible through transition metal-catalyzed hydroxylation. However, Palladium, Rhodium, and other noble transition metal catalysts are not environmentally benign. Thus, here we compiled a review on the recent advances in the hydroxylation process using non-noble transition metals such as Nickel, Iron, Copper, and manganese catalysts for the synthesis of phenol and other pharmacologically active compounds covering literature from 1980 to 2021. For simplicity and better understanding, the topic has been classified based on the type of bond which has undergone hydroxylation such as the C H, C-X and C-B.. • Since the theme of the review falls within the scope of J. Organomet. Chem. we would like to submit the manuscript for publication in J. Organomet. Chem. We strongly believe that the review will attract the attention of a large volume of organic chemists, catalysis researchers and medicinal chemists. We request you to kindly consider the manuscript for publication in J. Organomet. Chem. Hydroxylation reactions are a type of chemical transformation in which OH functionality is introduced into organic substrates. Hydroxylation processes are usually catalyzed by enzymes like ω-hydroxylase and cytochrome P 450 , which are prevalent in nature and human body. There are catalytic and non-catalytic techniques used for introducing the OH group into an organic molecule. In the catalytic approach, transition-metal-catalyzed hydroxylation is an important strategy which has attracted a lot of attention. The production of phenol and other pharmacologically active compounds is now easily possible through transition metal-catalyzed hydroxylation. However, Palladium (Pd), Rhodium (Rh), and other noble transition metal catalysts are not environmentally benign. Here we compiled the reports regarding non-noble transition metals such as Nickel (Ni), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), and Manganese (Mn) catalysts for hydroxylation reactions to synthesize phenol and other pharmacologically active compounds with high yield, economy, and environmental friendliness. This review covers literature from 1980 to 2021. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]