A Novel Low-Profile Phased Antenna With Dual-Port and Its Application in 1-D Linear Array to 2-D Scanning.

A novel low-profile phased antenna with dual-port and its two types of 1-D linear array to 2-D space wide-angle beam scanning are proposed. The antenna unit is composed of fishbone structure and rhombus parasitic patch, which is folded into n-shaped to low profile $0.08\lambda $. By adjusting the phase difference ($\Delta \varphi$) from 0° to 180°, the antenna working mode is changed from even mode to hybrid mode and to odd mode eventually. Therefore, the proposed antenna unit realizes wide-angle scanning characteristics and continuous switching state from broadside lobe to endfire lobe. Furthermore, the proposed phased antenna element is extended to two kinds of 1-D linear phased array (Array#1 and Array#2) based on the generalized principle of the pattern multiplication. The fabricated Array#1 can realize beam scanning range $- 116^{\circ }< \theta _{\mathrm {m}} < 0^{\circ }$ (xo z plane), $0^{\circ }< \theta _{\mathrm {m}} < 63^{\circ }$ (yo z plane), and $90^{\circ }< \Phi _{\mathrm {m}} < 169^{\circ }$ (xoy plane) and the fabricated Array#2 can achieve $0^{\circ }< \theta _{\mathrm {m}} < 60^{\circ }$ (xo z plane), $0^{\circ }< \theta _{\mathrm {m}} < 65^{\circ }$ ($\text{y}{o}\text{z}$ plane), and $90^{\circ }< \Phi _{\mathrm {m}} < 152^{\circ }$ (xoy plane). The proposed phased antenna unit and its 1-D array can realize 2-D space wide-angle scanning, improving scanning performance and expanding scanning dimensional space in phased array. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]