Numerical analysis of WIV phenomenon with two in-series cylinders: WIV suppression and energy harvesting.

This numerical study aims to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of in-series structures with two cross-sections, as well as their power characteristics under different spacing (α) and radius (φ) ratios respectively. The results show that as the spacing ratio increases, the in-series circular/square-cylinder system displays VIV, whereas the in-series square-cylinder system can effectively suppress vibration within the interval of α = 5.3 – 5.7, 6 ≤ U r ≤ 8 when φ = 1. It is worth noting that as the radius ratio increases, the vibration of the downstream square cylinder transits from VIV to galloping. Subsequently, the short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform are employed to perform time-frequency analysis of different cases. In terms of energy harvesting, the in-series circular-cylinder system shows its maximum power of 48.83 mW at U r = 9 when α = 6, φ = 1. Additionally, the power of the in-series square-cylinder system at φ = 2 is higher than that in the other two cases (φ = 1 and 3), and in these three cases, the power at α = 6 is much greater than that of the case α = 8 and 4 regardless of the radius ratio. As to conversion efficiency, the case α = 6 and φ = 2 demonstrates the optimal energy harvesting performance. Thus, flexible control of the radius ratio and spacing ratio in a special range can not only suppress vibration but also enhance energy harvesting efficiency. • This paper studies the WIV of series square cylinders under different spacing ratios α and radius ratios φ. • For the series square-cylinder system, the vibration of the downstream cylinder can be effectively suppressed when α = 5.3–5.7, 5 ≤ U r ≤ 8. • As the radius ratio increases, the vibration of the downstream vibrating square-cylinder transitions from VIV to galloping. • Short-time Fourier transform and Morlet wavelet transform are performed to analyze the characteristics of time-frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]