中国生态文明实践如何检验和深化可持续性科学.

The year 2022 marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of the sustainable development strategy by the United Nations and the 10th anniversary of eco-civilization becoming one of the key elements of China' s modernization. Sustainability science is a theoretical study of sustainable development but there are opinion conflicts between weak sustainability and strong sustainability. Eco-civilization is recognized as China' s agenda for sustainable development but would be potential to contribute to the theoretical construction of sustainability science. Based on policies and practices of eco-civilization in China and discussing five controversial key issues, this article shows that China' s eco-civilization is strong-sustainability-oriented, and suggests that the theory base of sustainability science should include five critical elements with logic relationships. The five critical elements pursue the social and economic prosperity within Earth' s bio-physical limits; consider controlling eco-scale much more important than improving eco-efficiency; introduce different transition models for developed and developing countries, respectively; set up a three-level framework for sustainable development; and organize the interdisciplinary studies into an integrated paradigm. This article concludes that academic studies of sustainable development need to be updated to a new version with strong sustainability as a core principle, and that China' s eco-civilization as a social movement of such a large scale unprecedented in the rest of the world could play a leading role in deepening and developing sustainability science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]