要素错配：解开资源型城市转型困境之谜.

Promoting the industrial transformation and upgrading of resource-based cities is an important condition for solving the dilemma of widening economic development differences and serious destruction of ecological resources between regions, and to achieve regional coordinated development strategy. From the new perspective of factor mismatch, this article discussed the economic transformation of resource-based cities. In theory, a growth model describing the factor input of resource-based cities was constructed, and the influence mechanism of factor mismatch on urban output efficiency, environmental efficiency and energy efficiency was investigated. In the empirical aspect, based on the panel data from 2005 to 2018 and using the improved Directional Distance Function (DDF), this article calculated the transformation efficiency of 114 resource-based cities in China from the five dimensions of labor, capital and energy input, expected output and non-expected output, and then tested the exact impact of factor mismatch on the transformation of resource-based cities. The results showed that whether it was over-allocation or under-allocation, factor mismatch had a significant inhibitory effect on the economic transformation efficiency of resource-based cities, and the inhibitory effect of labor mismatch was particularly obvious; after dealing with endogenous problems, changing analysis samples, replacing explained variables, and changing regression methods, the research conclusions still had strong robustness. Transformation efficiency was further decomposed in the three directions of output growth, energy consumption and environmental friendliness. It was found that the mismatch of various factors would hinder the improvement of energy efficiency and environmental efficiency, but different from labor mismatch and energy mismatch, the negative impact of capital mismatch on output efficiency was insignificant. According to the classification of resource-based cities in different geographical regions, it was found that the impact of factor mismatch on transformation efficiency would be significantly different in different geographic regions. Based on the problems in the transformation of resource-based cities, this article puts forward policy suggestions from the three levels of country, city and industry, and emphasizes the importance of improving the allocation efficiency of labor factor. This paper not only provides a new insight into the explanation of the transformation dilemma faced by resource-based cities, but also provides useful reference for strategy formulation and policy adjustment to promote the high-quality development of resource-based cities in the new era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]