Glial interference: impact of type I interferon in neurodegenerative diseases.

In recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing analyses have identified multiple subpopulations of these cells in brains harboring Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Consequently, ablation of IFN-I receptor gene selectively from neural cells reduces A plaques in a mouse AD model [[6]], affirming a feedforward loop whereby plaque-induced inflammation further exacerbates AD pathology. Nevertheless, the IFN-II receptor gene dose is similarly elevated as that of IFNARs in DS [[10]], and IFN-II was shown to counteract the pathogenic effect of IFN-I in aging brain [[15]]. Reactive microglia accompany many neurodegenerative conditions and their contribution to disease progression is increasingly appreciated. [Extracted from the article]