Resilience-Oriented Control for Cyber-Physical Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Using a Semiconsensus Scheme: Design and Practice.

Hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) can simultaneouslyharness the advantages of batteries and supercapacitors (SCs) in various loading situations. Coupled with communication links, cyber-physical HESSs would be threatened by unexpected cyber attacks that may cause damage to electrical devices and even collapse the entire system. To overcome the adverse impacts of attacks, a resilience control scheme is proposed in this article. The proposed scheme provides a unified form integrated with adaptive laws to guarantee multifunctional HESS operations, i.e., dc bus voltage restoration, transient current allocation between batteries and SCs, proportional battery current sharing, and battery state-of-charge balancing, under cyber attacks. The proposed resilience control allows us to establish communication links only among batteries, whereas SCs are free of the data exchange process, which can save system capital costs. The stability of the proposed control is proved by the Lyapunov stability theory. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach are validated on a hardware-in-the-loop testing platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]