Microbathymetry inferences from two AUV dives over a short segment of the Central Indian Ridge between 10°18′ and 10°57′S, Indian Ocean.

The topographic fabric of the rift valley floor has been analyzed using the multibeam echosounder data obtained by the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Abyss at two locations over a short segment of the slow-spreading Central Indian Ridge between 10°18′ and 10°57′S. The region is influenced by hydrothermal venting in the near vicinity. Two AUV dives D51 and D52 were performed over this segment at two locations that are 30 km apart and covered 5 km2 and 8 km2 seafloor area, respectively. The dive D51 covered the off-axis part of the rift valley floor in the middle part of the segment, and the dive D52 is located near to the non-transform discontinuity that covered the terminal part of an oceanic core complex (OCC). High-resolution seafloor topography as revealed by the AUV-mounted multibeam echosounder system brought out several micro-bathymetric fabric features such as a lava lake, a cratered volcano, an OCC, and the foot wall volcanic complex at the distal part of the OCC. The valley floor imaged in the D51 is marked by a lava flow encompassing an area of 1 km2 and a volcano in the NE corner. The volcano has a diameter of about 800 m with an elevation of about 200 m from the adjacent seafloor, and the partially mapped volcano crater has a relief of about 60 m. A prominent linear fissure running parallel to the ridge axis has been identified; this feature joins with the volcano. Analysis of AUV-mounted CTD data indicated three distinct temperature spikes ranging 0.009 to 0.013 °C in the region of dive D51. The observed temperature spikes appear to be related to the linear fissure on the seafloor and probably represent leaky venting of fluids from the fissure. With respect to the dive D52, the foot wall volcanic features associated with the OCC are prominent. The volcanic seafloor feature covered an area of 3.45 km2 and is conspicuous with rugged topographic fabric at the base of the OCC. These inferences and the morphotectonics of the rift valley floor as revealed by the AUV data suggest moderate hydrothermal venting in this segment of the slow-spreading Central Indian Ridge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]