Online calibrated, energy-aware and heading corrected pedestrian navigation with foot-mounted MARG sensors.

The objective of this paper is to propose an energy-aware and gait corrected pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) approach using foot-mounted magnetic, angular rate and gravity (MARG) sensors. Compared with existing algorithms of PDR, the proposed method aims to solve three main problems for real pedestrian applications. First, to avoid limitations of off-line calibration for personal step length parameters, we utilize the zero-velocity-update (ZUPT) aided pedestrian MARG performance to continuously compute one's pose information. Meanwhile, it accumulates the moving distance for further estimation of one's step length during the initialization process. Secondly, due to different pedestrian gaits implicating the heading deviation angle between one's moving direction and heading, there are non-negligible impacts on pedestrian dead reckoning accuracy. The linear Kalman filter (KF) is used to recursively estimate the deviated heading during aforementioned initialization process. The third problem is related to the energy consumption. Following three aspects of adaptive energy saving work are devised: (i) energy-aware strategy for gyroscopes measurements acquisition is adopted to guarantee lower energy consumption. (ii) Modes switching mechanism of navigation computation is applied to the initialization and dead reckoning processes. (iii) De-sampling after initialization process has been invoked. Finally, real-world experiments are carried out to evaluate the performances of developed PDR system. The results show the efficiency of the suggested approach. [Display omitted] • A joint ZUPT/dead reckoning based pedestrian navigation method. It is free of off-line calibration for personal PDR parameters. The ZUPT-aided Pedestrian MARG Navigation is utilized to continuously compute one's pose information meanwhile it accumulates the moving distance during the initialization process for further estimating one's step length in the way of dead reckoning. • A gait related heading deviation angle compensation. Due to different pedestrian gaits implicating the heading deviation angle between one's moving direction and heading, there are non-negligible impacts on PDR accuracy. To solve such problem, a linear KF is proposed to recursively estimate the deviated heading for adapting one's different behavior modes. • An adaptive and efficient energy management strategy. Three aspects of adaptive energy saving work are devised: (a) Energy-aware strategy for gyroscope measurements acquisition is adopted to ensure the lower energy consumption. (b) Modes switching mechanism of navigation computation is applied to the initialization and dead reckoning processes. (c) Adaptive de- sampling during pedestrian dead reckoning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]