Opportunistic or selective? Stage-dependent feeding behavior in a wild vector of Chagas disease.

[Display omitted] • Host selection studies should consider vector developmental stage and host availability. • All triatomine vector developmental stages can be infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. • Blood feeding sources of vectors differ due to relative availability of vertebrates in the study site. • The wild triatomine Mepraia spinolai is a stage-dependent selective blood feeder. • Early nymph stages feed on rodents and reptiles, and late stages mostly on rabbits. The composition and contribution of different host species in the dynamics of vector-borne zoonotic parasites are particularly relevant for public health. Hence, the study of host selection by vectors is fundamental. Developmental stage and infection status are factors that may modulate vector feeding behavior. In the semi-arid Mediterranean ecosystem of South America, the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi , the protozoan causing Chagas disease, includes the triatomine vector Mepraia spinolai and several vertebrate species. In this field study, we examined whether M. spinolai exhibits an opportunistic feeding behavior dependent upon developmental stage and/or infection status. We found that M. spinolai does not feed according to the relative availability of vertebrate species. In addition, early stage nymphs (first/second instars) fed on twice as many different species as middle (third/fourth instars) and late (fifth instars and adults) M. spinolai , with the former feeding on native rodents and lizards and the latter mostly on rabbits. Infected and uninfected M. spinolai showed similar feeding profiles. Wild triatomine species might be described as stage-dependent selective blood feeders, as a consequence of the temporal and spatial scale at which host-vector interactions occur, highlighting that all developmental stages might be infected and capable of transmitting T. cruzi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]