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Potential impact of combined influenza and pneumococcal vaccines on the severity of respiratory illness in COVID-19 infection among type 2 diabetic patients.
- Source :
-
Clinical & Experimental Medicine . Feb2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p141-150. 10p. - Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- To retrospectively assess the impact of regular yearly administration of recombinant influenza and single administration of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on the occurrence of serious respiratory infection including COVID-19 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hundred patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were given Vaxigrip and Prevnar13® vaccines and were evaluated by comprehensive clinical review, airflow screening questionnaire, and routine laboratory investigations with follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic and compared to a control group of diabetic patients with the same inclusion criteria (n = 100). After Vaxigrip and Prevnar13, there is a significant improvement in respiratory symptoms and a decrease in the airflow screening questionnaire (p = 0.0001) with a significant improvement in inflammatory parameters as neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, ESR, CRP, and platelet count. Four patients had mild COVID-19 (4%), mainly gastrointestinal with no complications. Twenty-one out of 32 (65.6%) patients in the control group had severe COVID-19. The hazard ratios of significant respiratory tract infection and death due to COVID-19 were 2.29 and 10.24 in the non-vaccinated control (p = 0.001).The severity of COVID-19 in diabetes correlated with HBA1C (p = 0.007), combined Vaxigrip and Prevnar13 vaccination (p = 0.0001), serum creatinine (p = 0.001), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.001), and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.003). The present study suggested that the combination of Prevnar13 and Vaxigrip may be related to decreased occurrence of serious respiratory infections including COVID-19. Further randomized control trials may be needed to establish a direct causation between the two and clarify these associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15918890
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Clinical & Experimental Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 161960039
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-022-00795-3