NEUROPROTEÇÃO E FISIOTERAPIA NO TRAUMATISMO CRANIOENCEFÁLICO GRAVE.

Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a frequent cause of morbidity and hospitalizations. Victims of TBI admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) require care from a highly complex multiprofessional team with the aim of optimizing brain perfusion, avoiding injuries secondary to the initial trauma and favoring the rehabilitation process. In this context, physiotherapy has been increasingly requested to participate in neuroprotection strategies and management of severe TBI. Objective: To describe the early treatment of a severe TBI victim, highlighting the role of physiotherapy in neuroprotection strategies and in the adequate and safe management/treatment of this patient profile. Case report: Female patient, 27 years old, victim of being hit by a motorcycle at high speed. Rescued by the mobile emergency care service with a diagnosis of severe TBI and fracture of the left tibia. Admitted to the ICU in the immediate postoperative period of decompressive craniectomy, with excision of an acute subdural hematoma and insertion of a catheter for continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP), in addition to orthopedic surgery with linear external fixation of the left tibia. Conclusion: In the critical phase after TBI, ICP monitoring and early performance of neuroprotection measures are crucial. It is essential to maintain the hemodynamic, respiratory and metabolic stability of the patient, who is submitted to deep sedation and mechanical ventilation (MV), and physiotherapy has fundamental importance and can be performed safely, ensuring adequate neuroprotective ventilation strategies and preventing complications related to MV, in addition to promoting early functional stimulation of this patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]