台风登陆过程中南海近海阵风因子特征.

Gust prediction is significant for air, ship and road traffic guidance, and warnings about environmental damage. Up to now, different gust or gust factor parameterization formulas have been given based on different observational data and calculation methods, and no consensus has been reached on the best gust factor parameterization formulas. Based on the 10 Hz high frequency turbulent fluctuation data collected at two offshore observation towers standing along the shore-normal line 4.5 km and 6.5 km offshore, respectively, during seven typhoon episodes in the South China Sea from 2008 to 2018, we analyzed the effects of observation height, different average time, underlying surface characteristics, and atmospheric stability on the gust factor. The relationships between gust factor, gust coefficient related to turbulence kinetic energy, gust coefficient related to friction velocity, and 10 m wind speed are investigated. Unlike previous studies, where gust factor is treated as a constant, this paper proposed a formula for calculating gust factor depending on the 10 m wind speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]