Studying the optical properties of a binocular telescope with a different pupil aperture using Zemax image simulation program.

The binocular telescope is characterized by the presence of a symmetric and parallel double optical system for each eye separately. It consists of a refractive optical system that contains a set of achromatic lenses and a Porro prism inside a plastic tube. The function of the prism is to reduce the length of the telescope as well as change the optical path of the rays to obtain an image suitable for human vision. The use of this type of telescope is suitable for ground observation due to the engineering nature of the design, as well as the focal lengths used for the lenses and the magnification factor. In addition to the use of lenses for refractive telescopes, it is suitable for ground observation rather than astronomical observation due to the presence of chromatic aberration and the small size of the pupil aperture. This research includes a study of the refracting binary telescope by simulation the design, and the study of its optical properties by using of Zemax program for optical designs. The program provides a set of analysis tools to assess the efficiency of the performance of the telescope when the pupil aperture changes. The results showed the effect of image quality when changing the diameter of the pupil aperture due to the change in the achromatic aberration value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]