Circulation of Predominantly Prevalent Serotypes of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus in Bovine Animals in Bahawalpur, Pakistan.

Vaccination of the foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus needs the examination of the prevalent virus serotypes in the area. The current cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bahawalpur district of Punjab, Pakistan, with the purpose to determine the prevalence of FMD virus serotypes Asia 1, O and A in bovines. A total of 838 bovine sera samples were tested through Solid phase competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (SPC-ELISA), based on structural proteins at the National Veterinary Laboratory (NVL), Islamabad from 10 January 2021 to 09 January 2022. The overall bovine population was carrying maximum seroprevalence of serotype O (28.52%) followed by serotype Asia 1 (23.63%) and serotype A (13.6%) in district Bahawalpur. Majority of the bovine population (50.26%) was detected seropositive for type O of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDv) followed by serotype Asia 1 with (37.17%) in tehsil Ahmedpur East and type A with 21.83% prevalence in tehsil Bahawalpur. Moreover, it was emphasized that seropositive cases of type O (42.88%), Asia 1(36.69%) and type A (21.33%) were significantly higher in vaccinated bovine group as compared to non-vaccinated bovine with (12.93%), (9.45%) and (5.22%) respectively across the district. More specifically the cow population was carrying maximum seroprevalence of type O with (60.55%) compared to buffalo with (36.58%). It was concluded that serotype O was more prevalent in district Bahawalpur followed by serotype Asia 1 and serotype A and cow population was found more susceptible than buffalo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]