PET/MR enterography in inflammatory bowel disease: A review of applications and technical considerations.

• Hybrid PET/MR imaging may be superior to conventional MR or PET/CT imaging in visualizing disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases. • Standardization of technical aspects of imaging is of paramount importance in ensuring the reproducibility of imaging outputs. • PET/MR imaging could contribute to follow up of patients with IBD, with determining probability of response to treatment and providing prognostication about long term clinical outcome. Positron emission tomography (PET) magnetic resonance (MR) enterography is a novel hybrid imaging technique that is gaining popularity in the study of complex inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal system, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This imaging technique combines the metabolic information of PET imaging with the spatial resolution and soft tissue contrast of MR imaging. Several studies have suggested potential roles for PET/MR imaging in determining the activity status of IBD, evaluating treatment response, stratifying risk, and predicting long-term clinical outcomes. However, there are challenges in generalizing findings due to limited studies, technical aspects of hybrid MR/PET imaging, and clinical indications of this imaging modality. This review aims to further elucidate the possible role of PET/MR in IBD, highlight important technical aspects of imaging, and address potential pitfalls and prospects of this modality in IBDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]