Medicinal chemistry of neem: A state of art.

The Neem tree is a cabinet of medicine. Every part of this tree is beneficial for human health, they don't need a lot of water, can maintain their biomass during drought conditions, therefore it is usually found in the tropical and semi-tropical regions. It has been known from ancient times and being called a divine tree with a giving nature. In India where water is scarce, we can find those evergreen, shade-giving neem trees in those regions. Every part of the neem trees contains a lot of phytochemicals whether we take into account its seed, fruit, flower, bark, stems and, leaves. The seeds of the neem tree contain a lot of phytochemicals one of them is azadirachtin, (tetranortriterpenoid) which is the most active phytochemical used to inhibit the growth of insects, hence it is the main acting compound in many pesticides that are used for healthy growth of the plant. Recently the silver nanoparticle was developed using acidified neem sawdust, and nanoparticle of titanium dioxide using neem leaf extract and we know nanoparticles are being used in so many areas including medicine where they are used to deliver drugs or other substances to a cancer cell being specific, they don't affect the healthy cell. This is one of the most advanced applications of Azadirachta-indica in medicine there is a lot more that have been used since ancient times like flowers and leaves used in the cooking and safekeeping of stored rice, twigs instead of toothbrush and gargle. Other parts are also used in different medical conditions like to treat malaria, some skin diseases, fungal infections, inflammation diabetes, as an analgesic or antioxidant. Azadirachta-indica from the family of Meliaceae has a lot of medicinal uses which have been discussed below in this review paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]