Systemic lupus erythematosus: An approach to pharmacologic interventions.

Drug therapy for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) aims to decrease symptom severity. Pharmacologic interventions are divided into four categories: antimalarials, glucocorticoids (GCs), immunosuppressants (ISs), and biological agents. Hydroxychloroquine, the most commonly used antimalarial treatment for this disease, is a mainstay in treating all patients with SLE. The multitude of adverse reactions of GCs has led clinicians to minimize their dosages or discontinue them whenever possible. To speed up the discontinuation or minimization of GCs, ISs are used for their steroid-sparing properties. Furthermore, certain ISs such as cyclophosphamide are recommended as maintenance agents to prevent flares and reduce the reoccurrence and severity of the disease state. Biological agents are recommended when other treatment options have failed due to intolerance or inefficacy. This article presents pharmacologic approaches for managing SLE in patients based on clinical practice guidelines and data from randomized controlled trials. Drug therapy for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) aims to decrease symptom severity. Pharmacologic interventions are divided into four categories: antimalarials, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and biological agents. Hydroxychloroquine, an antimalarial, is a mainstay in SLE treatment. Glucocorticoids should be tapered or discontinued whenever possible due to their multitude of adverse reactions. Immunosuppressants are often used for their steroid-sparing properties and as maintenance agents to prevent flares and reduce disease severity. Biological agents may be used for refractory disease. This article presents pharmacologic approaches for managing SLE in patients based on clinical practice guidelines and data from randomized controlled trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]