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Measuring discrimination experienced by people with a mental illness: replication of the short-form DISCUS in six world regions.
- Source :
-
Psychological Medicine . Jul2023, Vol. 53 Issue 9, p3963-3973. 11p. - Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Background: The Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC) is a patient-reported outcome measure which assesses experiences of discrimination among persons with a mental illness globally. Methods: This study evaluated whether the psychometric properties of a short-form version, DISC-Ultra Short (DISCUS) (11-item), could be replicated in a sample of people with a wide range of mental disorders from 21 sites in 15 countries/territories, across six global regions. The frequency of experienced discrimination was reported. Scaling assumptions (confirmatory factor analysis, inter-item and item-total correlations), reliability (internal consistency) and validity (convergent validity, known groups method) were investigated in each region, and by diagnosis group. Results: 1195 people participated. The most frequently reported experiences of discrimination were being shunned or avoided at work (48.7%) and discrimination in making or keeping friends (47.2%). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a unidimensional model across all six regions and five diagnosis groups. Convergent validity was confirmed in the total sample and within all regions [ Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI-10): 0.28–0.67, stopping self: 0.54–0.72, stigma consciousness: −0.32–0.57], as was internal consistency reliability (α = 0.74–0.84). Known groups validity was established in the global sample with levels of experienced discrimination significantly higher for those experiencing higher depression [Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2: p < 0.001], lower mental wellbeing [Warwick-Edinburgh Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): p < 0.001], higher suicidal ideation [Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS)-4: p < 0.001] and higher risk of suicidal behaviour [Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS): p < 0.001]. Conclusions: The DISCUS is a reliable and valid unidimensional measure of experienced discrimination for use in global settings with similar properties to the longer DISC. It offers a brief assessment of experienced discrimination for use in clinical and research settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *PSYCHIATRIC diagnosis
*MENTAL depression risk factors
*SUICIDE risk factors
*FRIENDSHIP
*WELL-being
*DISCRIMINATION (Sociology)
*RESEARCH methodology evaluation
*RESEARCH methodology
*WORK
*BECK Hopelessness Scale
*HEALTH outcome assessment
*SOCIAL stigma
*PSYCHOMETRICS
*AVOIDANCE (Psychology)
*CRONBACH'S alpha
*SUICIDAL ideation
*FACTOR analysis
*QUESTIONNAIRES
*RESEARCH funding
*MENTAL illness
*CONSCIOUSNESS
RESEARCH evaluation
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00332917
- Volume :
- 53
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Psychological Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 164706332
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291722000630