PRI: PCH-based privacy-preserving with reusability and interoperability for enhancing blockchain scalability.

Blockchain systems, one of the most popular distributed systems, are well-applied in various scenarios, e.g., logistics and finance. However, traditional blockchain systems suffer from scalability issues. To tackle this issue, Payment Channel Hubs (PCHs) are proposed. Recent efforts, such as A2L (SP'21) and Teechain (SOSP'19), enhance the privacy, reusability, and interoperability properties of PCHs. Nevertheless, these solutions have intrinsic limitations: they rely on trusted hardware or suffer from the deposit lock-in problem. Furthermore, the functionalities of some of these solutions are restricted to fixed-amount payments and do not support multi-party participation. These aforementioned problems limit their capabilities to alleviate blockchain scalability issues. In this paper, we propose PRI, a novel PCH solution that simultaneously guarantees transaction P rivacy (i.e., relationship unlinkability and value confidentiality), deposit R eusability, and blockchain I nteroperability, which can mitigate the aforementioned problems. PRI is constructed by several new building blocks, including (1) an atomic deposit protocol that enforces user and hub to deposit equivalent assets in a shared address for building a fair payment channel; (2) a privacy-preserving deposit certification scheme that leverages the Pointcheval and Sanders signature and non-interactive zero-knowledge proof to resolve the deposit lock-in issue in maintaining payment channels; (3) a range proof which ensures the legality and confidentiality of transaction values. We conduct extensive experimental evaluations of PRI, demonstrating that it improves the state-of-the-art approaches in terms of performance. • We propose a dual-script atomic deposit protocol to securely lock assets without an expiration time, preventing the loss of deposits in dishonest scenarios. • Additionally, we introduce PRI, a flexible and privacy-preserving PCH-based off-chain payment solution, built on the atomic deposit protocol and cryptographic primitives. • We conducted a feasibility and performance evaluation, considering computation cost, communication cost, and latency. • In two-party payments, PRI achieves a throughput of 7.5 payments per second for each payer-payee pair with a communication cost of under 20 KB. • Compared to BOLT and A2L, PRI demonstrates superior performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]