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The Importance of Type II Error and Falsifiability.
- Source :
-
Human & Ecological Risk Assessment . Feb2005, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p189-200. 12p. - Publication Year :
- 2005
-
Abstract
- Aim. Before intergovernmental consensus under the Rio Declaration in 1992, ignorance of type I errors had been disfavoured in science. However, the Precautionary Principle (PP) counsels the avoidance of type II errors, rather than of type I errors. We need a new academic code for the PP. Material and methods. The risk of extinction has usually been evaluated based on conservative estimates of the present population size. I define the weight of evidence as the extinction risk of Japanese vascular plants based on unbiased estimates. Catch quotas in the fisheries are usually decided by precautionary approach. I calculate the long-term yield and risk of stock collapse under a simple stock dynamics model. Results. The weight of evidence depends on the frequency of grids with size unknown. In a few plant species, rankings based on conservative estimates have differed from rankings based on unbiased estimates. In fishery management, a catch quota based on a precautionary approach proved neither sufficient nor necessary to avoid stock collapse. The precautionary approach is one of the reasons that prevent us from maximizing a sustainable yield. Conclusions. We need to clarify the endpoint of risks, and check whether it is necessary to adopt a PP. We can obtain the weight of evidence that is measured under unbiased estimates, while the risk based on a PP is measured under conservative estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 10807039
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 16573045
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/10807030590920015