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Proton pump inhibitor use and risk of pneumonia: a self-controlled case series study.
- Source :
-
Journal of Gastroenterology . Aug2023, Vol. 58 Issue 8, p734-740. 7p. - Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Background: Recent research indicates that use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is associated with pneumonia, but existing evidence is inconclusive because of methodological issues. This study aimed to answer whether PPI-use increases risk of pneumonia while taking the methodological concerns of previous research into account. Methods: This population-based and nationwide Swedish study conducted in 2005–2019 used a self-controlled case series design. Data came from national registries for medications, diagnoses, and mortality. Conditional fixed-effect Poisson regression provided incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for pneumonia comparing PPI-exposed periods with unexposed periods in the same individuals, thus controlling for confounding. Analyses were stratified by PPI-treatment duration, sex, age, and smoking-related diseases. Use of histamine type-2 receptor antagonists (used for the same indications as PPIs) and risk of pneumonia was analysed for assessing the validity and specificity of the results for PPI-therapy and pneumonia. Results: Among 519,152 patients with at least one pneumonia episode during the study period, 307,709 periods of PPI-treatment occurred. PPI-use was followed by an overall 73% increased risk of pneumonia (IRR 1.73, 95% CI 1.71–1.75). The IRRs were increased across strata of PPI-treatment duration, sex, age, and smoking-related disease status. No such strong association was found between histamine type-2 receptor antagonist use and risk of pneumonia (IRR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.14). Conclusions: PPI-use seems to be associated with an increased risk of pneumonia. This finding highlights a need for caution in using PPIs in individuals with a history of pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *PROTON pump inhibitors
*PNEUMONIA
*ANTIHISTAMINES
*POISSON regression
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 09441174
- Volume :
- 58
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Gastroenterology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 166104301
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-023-02007-5