Klimat. Russia in the Age of Climate Change: Thane Gustafson, Cambridge, MA & London: Harvard University Press, 2021, ix + 312pp., £31.95/$39.95 h/b.

It was this model that turned the country into a raw materials appendage to the global economy, hampering economic diversification into high-tech exports that would be crucial to counter the twin effects of climate change and decarbonisation on the Russian economy. In conclusion, Russia seems poised to suffer from the consequences of increasingly lower returns from fossil fuel exports due to climate policies enacted elsewhere: domestically, weak growth will mean stagnating living standards and fewer resources to fight the ravages of climate change; internationally, Russia's status as a great power will be diminished. Finally, questions remain on the sustainability of Russia's recent agricultural revival, given increasing soil degradation and the largely negative effects that climate change is expected to have on crops (Chapter 7). [Extracted from the article]