Evaluation of demographic and clinical features of the patients admitted with drug reactions.

Background Prevalence of cutaneous adverse drug reactions varies depending on genetic background, geographical location, demographic features of the patients and prescribed drugs. This study is conducted to evaluate demographic and clinical features of the patients admitted with drug reactions in dermatologic ward of Afzalipour hospital in Kerman. Methods This is a retrospective study on two-hundred and forty patients who were admitted with drug reactions in dermatology ward of Afzalipour hospital in Kerman, from 2010 to 2018. Demographic features of the patients and types of the prescribed drugs and drug reactions were recorded. Descriptive data were demonstrated by frequency and mean ±Standard deviation. Correlation between clinical patterns of cutaneous adverse drug reactions with demographic features of the patients were assessed by Fisher's exact test. Results Most of the patients were in the fourth decade of their lives (24.2%) and female to male ratio was 1.7 to 1. The most common drug reactions were maculopapular eruptions (52.8%), Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (18.7%) and fixed drug eruption (13.6%). The most culprit drugs were antibiotics (76.6%) and antiepileptic classes (14.4%). There was no correlation between age (P. value=0.432) or sex (P. value=0.65) of the patients with types of drug reactions. Conclusion In the present study, most of the patients were female and in the fourth decade of their lives. Maculopapular eruptions were the most frequent clinical pattern of cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Antibiotics (ceftriaxone) and anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, phenobarbital) were the most frequent culprit drugs for cutaneous adverse reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]