CRIMINAL LAW — FOURTH AMENDMENT — FIFTH CIRCUIT DELIVERS A NEW LAW ENFORCEMENT FUNCTIONS TEST FOR IDENTIFYING GOVERNMENT ACTORS. — United States v. Johnlouis, 44 F.4th 331 (5th Cir. 2022).

The article focuses on the decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals for Fifth Circuit in the case United States v. Johnlouis which established a new law enforcement functions test for determining whether potential government action falls within the ambit of the Fourth Amendment. It mentions Fifth Circuit's narrow holding will not prevent unpredictable and inequitable Fourth Amendment outcomes. It also mentions pled guilty to the conspiracy count and pursuant to his plea agreement.