Open-path sensor for atmospheric NO detection based on mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy.

• Open-path standoff gas detection for atmospheric NO using WMS-2f/1f method and QCL. • Adaptive Kalman filter improves 33% in detection accuracy with a response time of 7 s. • Dynamic response, accuracy, sensitivity, and detection limit are evaluated in the laboratory. • Temporal evolution of NO in the atmosphere is measured by field experiments. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the primary air pollutants, and open optical path detection of NO holds immense significance in safeguarding the ecological environment and human health. In this paper, a high precision and high sensitivity NO open optical path sensor based on mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy technology is developed. The average gas concentration inversion of the NO path is achieved by collecting the backscattered light from the cooperative target. The gas measurement deploys a wavelength modulation method to remove the effects from light intensity variations. Furthermore, a Kalman filter and a temperature–pressure sensor optimization software algorithm were utilized to reduce the effects of temperature–pressure variations during the measurement process, leading to a 33% improvement in detection accuracy. The performance of the sensor was evaluated in the laboratory environment in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and detection limit. The atmospheric NO concentration was also measured under varying time periods and weather conditions in the field environment, thus laying a strong foundation for studying the spatial and temporal evolution of NO in the atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]