Dlouhodobá léčebná odpověď na léčbu nivolumabem a chemoterapií u pacientů s adenokarcinomem žaludku a gastroezofageální junkce.

Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors was first introduced in the clinical practice in 2011, and the spectrum of tumour types in which it can be used has been gradually expanding. Since 1st August 2023, nivolumab in combination with chemotherapy has been approved in the Czech Republic also for HER2-negative, locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus, gastro-oesophageal junction, and stomach, with PD-L1 expression assessed as a CPS (combined positive score) greater than or equal to 5. In this indication and in combination with chemotherapy, the drug substantially and clinically significantly prolonged the overall survival of patients. We present case reports of two patients who were among the first to start this treatment at the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute. Both patients tolerated the treatment very well and achieved even better treatment results than in the registration study. The article discusses potential factors that may have contributed to the efficacy of this therapeutic combination. Nivolumab is thus becoming a drug that, in selected patients, extends survival beyond one year. Along with other drugs that are also likely to enter the clinical practice soon (e.g., the anti-Claudin 18.2 antibody), this expands the range of treatment options for this aggressive type of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]