Validation and optimization of Spirulina microalgae biodiesel using different metallic nano-additives numerically.

Biodiesel with some minor changes in the properties is used in the laboratory for experiments to find a replacement for the diesel. Because biodiesel is nonhazardous to environment and it has many properties like renewable, biodegradable, easy and safe for handling. This was a positive side of biodiesel but the negative side is that it's engine performance and NOx and smoke emission is not up to statutory bodies prescribed norms. So here in this paper first tool validation is done with diesel and then numerical evaluation is done by adding Nano additives such as Zno, Mgo and Cuo (50ppm) with MSB20 and found improvement in engine performance and the reduction in NOx and smoke emission. The brake torque is found to be decrease by percentage 0.44% for B20 compared to B0 and increase by 0.2, 0.4, and 0.33% for B20ZN, B20CU and B20MG respectively. Nano-particles in general have a larger surface area and reactive surfaces, resulting in greater chemical reactivity and the ability to act as a catalyst hence BTE increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]