Causal evidence for the multiple-demand brain network: it takes three to tango.

This article discusses the importance of studying brain anatomy and behavior in order to understand the relationship between the two. The authors agree with the idea that brain anatomy should be used as a tool for developing concepts about brain function, but emphasize that observing behavior is a necessary step in establishing anatomo-functional relations. The study presented in the article contributes causal evidence to the model of the multiple-demand network in the neurotypical brain, suggesting that different cognitive operations depend on the activity of a higher-order network. The authors also provide a connectogram showing the fibers running through the observed lesion clusters, further supporting their main conclusion. They argue against a simple ventral/dorsal dichotomy in brain systems and propose that separate cognitive functions emerge from the integrated functioning of distant brain areas supported by long-range white matter tracts. The article concludes by highlighting the contributions of Jules Dejerine and Augusta Dejerine-Klumpke in identifying and characterizing white matter tracts and emphasizing the importance of continuing to advance knowledge in this area. [Extracted from the article]